Plastic Pollution is a global problem. Every year 19-23 million tonnes of plastic waste leak into aquatic ecosystem, polluting lakes, rivers and seas. Plastic pollution can alter habitats and natural processes, reducing ecosystems’ ability to adapt to climate change, directly affecting millions of people’s livelihoods, food production capabilities and social well-being. Plastic pollution is most visible in developing Asian and African nations, where garbage collection systems are often inefficient or nonexistent. But the developed world, especially in countries with low recycling rates, also has trouble properly collecting discarded plastics.
Why Plastic Pollution is a Serious Problem?
- Non-Biodegradable Nature: Plastic takes hundreds, even thousands, of years to decompose. It breaks into microplastics which remain in the soil and water, affecting ecosystems for generations.
- Marine Life at Risk: Millions of marine animals die each year from ingesting or getting entangled in plastic debris. Turtles, seabirds, and fish mistake plastic bags and wrappers for food.
- Human Health Concerns: Microplastics have been found in drinking water, seafood, and even human blood. Chemicals in plastics can disrupt hormones and may lead to long-term health effects. This happens due to biological magnification.
- Environmental Degradation: Plastic pollution clogs drains, pollutes rivers, and leads to flooding. It damages agricultural land and affects the fertility of soil.
What can be done?
- Reduce Single-Use Plastics
Avoid plastic straws, cups, bags, and packaging. Use cloth bags, metal bottles, and reusable containers instead.
- Recycle and Reuse
Segregate waste properly and support recycling programs. Repurpose plastic items wherever possible.
- Awareness and Education
Inform others about the harmful effects of plastic. Participate in clean-up drives and environmental campaigns.